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* Substituted Borosilicate Glasses with Improved Osteogenic Capacity for Bone Tissue Engineering.

João S Fernandes1,2, Piergiorgio Gentile3, Aileen Crawford3

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Borosilicate bioactive glasses (BBGs) containing magnesium (Mg) and strontium (Sr) significantly enhance bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BM-MSC) differentiation and mineralization. These BBGs show promise as biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration.

Keywords:
BM-MSCsborosilicate glassesmineralizationosteogenic inductionstrontium

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Borosilicate bioactive glasses (BBGs) exhibit superior bone formation compared to silicate bioactive glasses.
  • Understanding the role of divalent cations in BBG-mediated osteogenesis is crucial for developing advanced bone regeneration therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the osteogenic differentiation potential of BBGs substituted with magnesium (Mg²⁺), calcium (Ca²⁺), and strontium (Sr²⁺) in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs).
  • To assess the impact of these substituted BBGs on BM-MSC viability, proliferation, morphology, and protein expression.

Main Methods:

  • BBG particles were synthesized using melt quenching.
  • BM-MSCs were cultured with BBGs for 21 days, assessing cell viability (PrestoBlue®), proliferation (PicoGreen®), morphology (DAPI/Phalloidin staining), and bone-specific protein expression (ALP, OP, OC).

Main Results:

  • BBG-Mg and BBG-Sr at 20 and 50 mg/mL concentrations promoted enhanced expression of bone-specific proteins (ALP, OP, OC) and mineralization of BM-MSCs with low cytotoxicity.
  • BBG-Sr (50 mg/mL) significantly increased mineralization and bone protein expression even under basal medium conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The studied BBGs effectively promote osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs.
  • BBGs, particularly BBG-Sr, represent promising biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration due to their ability to stimulate new bone formation.