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Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

15.6K
A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
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Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

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Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
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Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

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Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a...
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Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility02:34

Comparing Intermolecular Forces: Melting Point, Boiling Point, and Miscibility

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Intermolecular forces are attractive forces that exist between molecules. They dictate several bulk properties, such as melting points, boiling points, and solubilities (miscibilities) of substances. Molar mass, molecular shape, and polarity affect the strength of different intermolecular forces, which influence the magnitude of physical properties across a family of molecules.
Temporary attractive forces like dispersion are present in all molecules, whether they are polar or nonpolar. They...
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Solvating Effects02:12

Solvating Effects

9.1K
An understanding of the solvating effect helps rationalize the relation between solvation and acidity of the compound. In addition, this also explains the relative stability of conjugate bases for compounds with different pKa values. This lesson details, in-depth, the principle of solvating effects. The strength of an acid and the stability of its corresponding conjugate base are determined using pKa values. This observed relationship is a consequence of solvation, which is the interaction...
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Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

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Overview of Valence Bond Theory
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Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs
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Microfluidic Fabrication Techniques for High-Pressure Testing of Microscale Supercritical CO2 Foam Transport in Fractured Unconventional Reservoirs

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On how hydrogen bonds affect foam stability.

Cosima Stubenrauch1, Martin Hamann1, Natalie Preisig1

  • 1Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

Advances in Colloid and Interface Science
|March 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intermolecular hydrogen bonds between surfactant head groups are crucial for stable foam formation. Surfactants capable of forming these hydrogen bonds create more stable foams, guiding future surfactant design.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface chemistry
  • Colloid and interface science

Background:

  • Foam stability is critical in various industrial applications.
  • The role of intermolecular interactions between surfactant head groups in foam stabilization is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between surfactant head groups in determining foam stability.
  • To establish a correlation between the capacity for hydrogen bonding and the resulting foam stability.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of foam stability for surfactants with varying head groups.
  • Systematic foaming experiments comparing surfactants with and without hydrogen-bonding capabilities.
  • Analysis of foam stability under consistent foaming conditions.

Main Results:

  • Stable aqueous foams are exclusively generated when surfactant head groups can form hydrogen bonds.
  • Surfactants with head groups like sugar, glycine, or specific amine oxides/carboxylic acids (under controlled pH) yield stable foams.
  • Surfactants lacking hydrogen-bonding capacity (e.g., oligo(ethylene oxide), quaternary ammonium, sulfate) result in unstable foams.

Conclusions:

  • Intermolecular hydrogen bonds between surfactant head groups are essential for enhancing foam stability.
  • These hydrogen bonds likely restrict surfactant mobility, leading to a more elastic surface layer that resists deformation.
  • This finding provides a new direction for designing surfactants with improved foam stabilization properties.