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Updated: Mar 5, 2026

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Nonpharmacologic Strategies to Modulate Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 Pathway in Chronic Kidney Disease

Marta Esgalhado1, Peter Stenvinkel2, Denise Mafra1

  • 1Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil.

Journal of Renal Nutrition : the Official Journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation
|March 29, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation combats oxidative stress and inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Nonpharmacologic strategies like diet and exercise show promise for Nrf2 modulation in CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cellular Biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a key regulator of cellular antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses.
  • Oxidative stress and inflammation are major contributors to chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression and cardiovascular complications.
  • Nrf2 dysregulation is implicated in the pathophysiology of CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review nonpharmacologic strategies for modulating Nrf2 activation.
  • To explore the potential therapeutic benefits of Nrf2 activation in CKD patients.
  • To highlight the role of Nrf2 in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation in CKD.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating Nrf2 activation.
  • Focus on nonpharmacologic interventions such as nutrition and physical exercise.
  • Analysis of Nrf2's role in cellular redox homeostasis and inflammatory pathways.

Main Results:

  • Nutritional components and physical exercise are identified as regulators of Nrf2 activation.
  • Limited research exists on Nrf2 modulation specifically within CKD patient populations.
  • Nrf2 activation demonstrates potential in preventing oxidative stress and maintaining cellular redox balance.

Conclusions:

  • Nonpharmacologic strategies hold promise for activating Nrf2 in CKD.
  • Targeting Nrf2 may offer a therapeutic avenue to reduce CKD complications, including cardiovascular disease.
  • Further research is needed to validate these strategies in CKD patients to improve health outcomes.

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