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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 5, 2026

Manipulating the Murine Lacrimal Gland

Manipulating the Murine Lacrimal Gland

Published on: November 18, 2014

MCSF orchestrates branching morphogenesis in developing submandibular gland tissue.

Gulsan Ara Sathi¹, Mahmoud Farahat^1,2, Emilio Satoshi Hara¹

¹Department of Biomaterials, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-Cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.

Journal of Cell Science

|March 29, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) drives glandular tissue development independently of macrophages. MCSF promotes epithelial branching and influences growth factors and neuronal development in mouse submandibular glands.

Keywords:

3D culture Branching morphogenesis Fibroblast growth factor Macrophage colony-stimulating factor Neurturin Salivary gland

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Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Macrophages are crucial for tissue development and regeneration.
The role of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (MCSF) in glandular tissue development remains largely unknown.
Previous research focused on MCSF's role in macrophage differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the unexplored roles of MCSF in glandular tissue development.
To determine if MCSF has macrophage-independent functions in tissue morphogenesis.
To elucidate the specific mechanisms by which MCSF influences submandibular gland (SMG) development.

Main Methods:

Analysis of MCSF expression levels during embryonic mouse submandibular gland (SMG) development.
Investigation of MCSF's effects on epithelial cells and growth factor expression (FGF7, FGF10) via the PI3K pathway.
Evaluation of MCSF's impact on neurturin expression and neuronal network development using in vitro and in vivo models.

Main Results:

MCSF expression significantly increased in SMG tissue before macrophage colonization.
MCSF directly promoted epithelial branching and indirectly modulated FGF7 and FGF10 expression through the PI3K pathway.
MCSF influenced neurturin expression and neuronal network formation during early SMG organogenesis.

Conclusions:

MCSF exhibits pleiotropic roles in glandular tissue development.
MCSF is a critical regulator of early submandibular gland morphogenesis, acting independently of macrophages.
MCSF influences both epithelial and neuronal components during gland development.