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Integrative Toolkit to Analyze Cellular Signals: Forces, Motion, Morphology, and Fluorescence

Integrative Toolkit to Analyze Cellular Signals: Forces, Motion, Morphology, and Fluorescence

Published on: March 5, 2022

Inferring cellular forces from image stacks.

Jim H Veldhuis¹, Ahmad Ehsandar¹, Jean-Léon Maître²

¹Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences

|March 29, 2017

Summary

Measuring 3D cellular forces is now possible with CellFIT-3D. This new technique maps cellular tension in three dimensions, advancing our understanding of embryogenesis and disease.

Keywords:

CellFIT CellFIT-3D cell mechanics force inference interfacial tensions video force microscopy (VFM)

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Area of Science:

Cellular and Molecular Mechanics
Biophysics
Developmental Biology

Background:

Cellular forces are crucial in embryogenesis and disease, but 3D measurement is difficult.
Existing techniques face challenges in accurately quantifying forces in complex 3D cellular systems.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce CellFIT-3D, a novel technique for estimating tension maps in 3D cellular systems.
Enable precise measurement of cellular forces in three dimensions using image stacks.

Main Methods:

CellFIT-3D utilizes image processing to segment cells and calculate dihedral angles at triple junctions.
Force-balance equations are constructed and solved based on these angles to infer tension maps.
The method incorporates error estimation for indistinct triple junctions.

Main Results:

CellFIT-3D achieved low tension errors (1.6-7%) on synthetic data.
Analysis of murine embryos showed estimated errors below 10%, comparable to aspiration experiments.
The technique demonstrates robustness with both clean and noisy data.

Conclusions:

CellFIT-3D provides a reliable method for quantifying 3D cellular forces and tension.
This technique has broad applications in developmental biology, cancer research, and tissue engineering.
Accurate 3D force measurement is essential for understanding complex biological processes.