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Androgenetic alopecia: a review
Francesca Lolli1, Francesco Pallotti1, Alfredo Rossi2
1Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
Endocrine
|March 29, 2017
Summary
Male pattern baldness, or androgenetic alopecia, is a common hair loss condition. Recent research highlights the interplay of genetics and hormones in its development, with specific gene loci identified.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Androgenetic alopecia, or male pattern baldness, is the most prevalent form of hair loss in men.
- It involves a progressive thinning of hair due to the influence of androgens on genetically susceptible hair follicles.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in understanding the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms of androgenetic alopecia.
- To synthesize current knowledge on the genetic and endocrine factors contributing to male pattern baldness.
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature review was conducted using the PubMed database.
- Studies published between 1916 and 2016 were selected for analysis.
Main Results:
- Androgenetic alopecia results from the interaction between endocrine factors and genetic predisposition.
- Key characteristics include progressive miniaturization of hair follicles, influenced by androgens in susceptible individuals.
- Major genetic risk loci identified include the X-chromosome AR/EDA2R locus and the 20p11 locus.
Conclusions:
- Single-nucleotide polymorphisms at various genomic loci are associated with androgenetic alopecia.
- The condition is polygenic, with multiple genes influencing predisposition.
- Further research is necessary to fully elucidate the specific genetic factors involved in this complex condition.
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