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Vermont granite workers' mortality study.

J Costello1, W G Graham

  • 1Appalachian Laboratory for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia.

American Journal of Industrial Medicine
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
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Vermont granite workers exposed to high silica dust before 1930 showed increased lung cancer mortality. Improved dust controls effectively reduced deaths from silicosis and tuberculosis in later years.

Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Environmental Epidemiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Granite dust exposure has historically been linked to silicosis and tuberculosis.
  • Previous studies indicated significant health risks for granite workers.
  • The impact of varying dust exposure levels on long-term mortality requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the long-term mortality rates in Vermont granite workers.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of dust control measures implemented in the granite industry.
  • To identify specific occupational exposures associated with increased cancer risk.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort mortality study design was employed, following granite workers from 1950 to 1982.
  • Workers were categorized based on exposure levels to granite dust before and after 1940.

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  • Standardized mortality ratios were calculated, and causes of death were coded by a qualified nosologist.

    • Main Results:

    • Mortality from silicosis and tuberculosis significantly decreased after the implementation of dust controls.
    • Excessive lung cancer mortality rates were observed in stone shed workers with pre-1930 high granite dust exposure.
    • A strong association between smoking and lung cancer was noted in affected workers.

    Conclusions:

    • Dust control measures have been highly effective in mitigating silicosis and tuberculosis risks in granite workers.
    • Long-term exposure to high levels of granite dust, particularly before 1930, is associated with an elevated risk of lung cancer.
    • Smoking is a significant co-factor in lung cancer development among granite industry workers.