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Related Concept Videos

Determination01:51

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Commitment is the  process whereby stem cells:
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Related Experiment Video

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Establishment of an Electrophysiological Platform for Modeling ALS with Regionally-Specific Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Astrocytes and Neurons
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The Super Elongation Complex Drives Neural Stem Cell Fate Commitment.

Kun Liu1, Dan Shen2, Jingwen Shen2

  • 1Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Developmental Cell
|March 29, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The super elongation complex (SEC) amplifies stem cell fate commitment by forming a feedback loop with HES transcription factors. This mechanism is crucial for preventing stem cell loss and cancer development.

Keywords:
Drosophila melanogasterNotch signalingSECcell fate commitmentcell fate decisionneural stem cellneuroblastprogenitor dedifferentiationsuper elongation complextranscription elongationtumorigenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Asymmetric stem cell division is vital for tissue homeostasis and cancer prevention.
  • Mechanisms consolidating initial cell fate bias remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the super elongation complex (SEC) in stem cell fate commitment.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying SEC's function in Drosophila neuroblasts.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Drosophila neuroblasts as a model system.
  • Investigated the physical association of SEC with the Notch transcription activation complex.
  • Analyzed the impact of SEC inactivation and forced activation on cell fate.

Main Results:

  • SEC acts as an intrinsic amplifier promoting stem cell self-renewal.
  • SEC physically associates with the Notch complex and enhances HES transcription.
  • A self-reinforcing feedback loop exists between SEC and HES.
  • SEC inactivation causes neuroblast loss; its overactivation leads to tumorigenesis.

Conclusions:

  • SEC is a key intracellular amplifier ensuring robust stem cell fate commitment.
  • SEC overactivation provides a mechanistic explanation for its frequent association with human cancers.