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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

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PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
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MicroRNAs as regulatory elements in psoriasis.

Yuan Liu1, Quanzhong Liu1

  • 1Department of Dermatovenereology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China.

Open Medicine (Warsaw, Poland)
|March 30, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in psoriasis, a chronic autoimmune skin condition. Understanding miRNA regulation is key to developing new biomarkers and treatments for psoriasis.

Keywords:
PsoriasismicroRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Psoriasis is a chronic, autoimmune genetic disorder affecting 23% of Europeans.
  • Key symptoms include skin inflammation and raised, scaly lesions.
  • microRNAs (miRNAs) are regulatory RNAs crucial in biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characterization, profiling, and subtypes of miRNAs in psoriasis.
  • To understand the biological functions of miRNAs in this skin disease.
  • To identify potential miRNA biomarkers for psoriasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of diverse references on miRNA research in psoriasis.
  • Analysis of miRNA characterization and profiling studies.
  • Examination of miRNA subtypes and their regulatory roles.

Main Results:

  • Numerous novel miRNAs have been identified in psoriatic skin.
  • These miRNAs function as posttranscriptional gene regulators.
  • Specific miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs play critical roles in the development and progression of psoriasis.
  • Further research into miRNA function and profiling can lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
  • Identifying specific regulatory miRNAs is essential for advancing psoriasis treatment.