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Related Experiment Videos

Cancer Immunotherapy: Whence and Whither.

Peter J Stambrook1, John Maher2, Farzin Farzaneh3

  • 1Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. peter.stambrook@uc.edu.

Molecular Cancer Research : MCR
|March 31, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Cancer immunotherapy harnesses the immune system to fight tumors by targeting immune checkpoints and reengineering T cells. Despite challenges like tumor microenvironment manipulation, its future as standard cancer care is promising.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Cancer immunotherapy evolved from basic immunology principles distinguishing self from non-self.
  • Understanding immune checkpoints and ligand-receptor interactions enables new strategies to overcome tumor tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution and current state of cancer immunotherapy.
  • To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies and remaining challenges in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Review of classical immunology experiments and recent advancements in immunotherapy.
  • Discussion of antibody therapies targeting immune checkpoints.
  • Exploration of T cell engineering for direct tumor cell engagement.

Main Results:

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  • Development of therapies like checkpoint-blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).
  • Engineering of T cells to target and eliminate cancer cells, especially in B-cell malignancies.
  • Identification of key challenges including tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation, MHC expression, cytokine regulation, and genetic engineering risks.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer immunotherapy has shown significant progress with novel therapeutic approaches.
  • Overcoming challenges in TME, antigen presentation, cytokine control, and genetic engineering is crucial for broader efficacy.
  • Immunotherapy holds encouraging prospects as a standard anticancer therapy.