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A Study Comparing Colorectal Cancer Screening Techniques.

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  • 1Rachel Stewart, MSN, DNP, APRN, is DNP candidate, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa. Heather Carter-Templeton, PhD, RN-BC, is Professor, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa.

Gastroenterology Nursing : the Official Journal of the Society of Gastroenterology Nurses and Associates
|April 1, 2017
PubMed
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Colorectal cancer screening is vital. Combining colonoscopy with fecal occult blood testing detected adenomatous polyps in 41% of patients, highlighting the importance of regular screening for early cancer detection.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Preventive Medicine
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer ranks among the top causes of cancer diagnosis and mortality in the U.S.
  • A significant number of Americans are not adhering to recommended colorectal cancer screening protocols.
  • Early detection through screening is crucial for identifying and treating precancerous and early-stage colorectal cancer effectively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the detection rates of adenomatous polyps and colorectal cancer in asymptomatic patients undergoing standard colonoscopy versus standard colonoscopy combined with fecal occult blood testing.

Main Methods:

  • A pilot study involving 63 asymptomatic patients randomly assigned to two groups: standard colonoscopy (control) and standard colonoscopy with fecal occult blood testing (intervention).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Participants completed demographic information and a survey assessing perceptions of colorectal cancer screening, based on the Health Belief Model.
  • Main Results:

    • The intervention group showed a 41% detection rate for adenomatous polyps.
    • Despite the high polyp detection rate, no positive fecal occult blood test results were observed in the intervention group.
    • The Health Belief Model survey indicated high participant awareness regarding the seriousness and treatability of colorectal cancer, and agreement on the importance of screening guidelines.

    Conclusions:

    • Combining colonoscopy with fecal occult blood testing may enhance the detection of precancerous adenomatous polyps.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the discrepancy between high adenomatous polyp detection and negative fecal occult blood tests.
    • Patient awareness and perceived importance of colorectal cancer screening are high, suggesting potential for improved adherence.