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Evaluating methods for estimating home ranges using GPS collars: A comparison using proboscis monkeys (Nasalis

Danica J Stark1,2, Ian P Vaughan1, Diana A Ramirez Saldivar3

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New GPS tracking methods improve wildlife home range estimation. Biased random bridges accurately map proboscis monkey home ranges and are robust to data loss, aiding conservation efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Wildlife ecology
  • Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
  • Animal behaviour

Background:

  • Global Positioning System (GPS) tags have transformed wildlife research, particularly in understanding home ranges and habitat use.
  • Advancements in GPS technology and data analysis methods present challenges in selecting appropriate home range estimation techniques.
  • Primatology has seen limited application of GPS collar studies, necessitating updated analytical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare traditional grid-cell home range estimation with three recent methods using high-quality GPS data from proboscis monkeys.
  • To assess the ability of different methods to identify known physical barriers, such as rivers.
  • To evaluate the robustness of these methods when faced with data containing reduced GPS fix frequency or random data loss.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a high-quality GPS collaring dataset from 10 proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus).
  • Compared the grid-cell method with three contemporary methods suitable for large and/or temporally correlated GPS datasets.
  • Assessed method performance based on agreement with raw data, barrier identification, and sensitivity to data loss.

Main Results:

  • Biased random bridges demonstrated superior overall performance, showing high agreement with raw data and low sensitivity to data reduction.
  • The biased random bridges method estimated proboscis monkey home ranges between 24-165 ha (mean 80.89 ha).
  • The grid-cell method offered simplicity, while local convex hull methods excelled at barrier identification, though both had lower overall performance.

Conclusions:

  • Biased random bridges are recommended as a robust and accurate method for estimating home ranges from GPS data in primatology.
  • Accurate home range estimation aids in understanding animal responses to environmental changes and disturbances.
  • These findings can inform wildlife management and landscape restoration strategies for species like proboscis monkeys.