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Medication induced sleepwalking: A systematic review.

Helen M Stallman1, Mark Kohler1, Jason White2

  • 1Centre for Sleep Research, University of South Australia, Australia.

Sleep Medicine Reviews
|April 2, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Certain medications can trigger sleepwalking, posing risks to patients. This review identified 29 drugs, including zolpidem and sodium oxybate, that may induce sleepwalking, necessitating careful prescriber consideration.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Medication-induced sleepwalking presents risks of injury and impacts treatment adherence.
  • Identifying specific drugs associated with sleepwalking is crucial for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing literature and identify medications that may increase the risk of sleepwalking.
  • To provide a comprehensive overview of drug classes implicated in sleepwalking.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, ScienceDirect).
  • Keywords used included 'sleepwalking' and 'somnambulism'.
  • 62 out of 83 sourced papers met the inclusion criteria for the review.
Keywords:
Adverse effectsArousalParasomniaSleepwalkingSomnambulismSystematic review

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Main Results:

  • Twenty-nine drugs were identified as potential triggers for sleepwalking.
  • These drugs primarily fall into four classes: gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) modulators, antidepressants, antipsychotics, and beta-blockers.
  • Zolpidem and sodium oxybate showed the strongest evidence for inducing sleepwalking; other associations were based on case reports.

Conclusions:

  • Sleepwalking should be considered in clinical trial risk profiles, especially for drugs affecting GABA, serotonin, or beta-adrenergic receptors.
  • Prescribers should educate patients on safe sleep environments and encourage reporting of sleepwalking.
  • Alternative treatments should be considered if sleepwalking occurs as an adverse effect.