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Oligomeric proanthocyanidins released from dentin induce regenerative dental pulp cell response
Daniel Kulakowski1, Ariene A Leme-Kraus2, Joo-Won Nam3
1Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, United States.
Acta Biomaterialia
|April 3, 2017
Summary
Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PACs) from pine bark extract enhance dentin
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Regenerative Medicine
- Dental Research
Background:
- Proanthocyanidins (PACs) are plant compounds interacting with extracellular matrix (ECM).
- Pine bark extract is a renewable source of diverse PACs.
- PACs' interaction with collagen depends on their structure and polymerization degree.
Purpose of the Study:
- To enrich oligomeric PACs from Pinus massoniana bark extract.
- To evaluate the effect of enriched PACs on dentin collagen mechanical properties.
- To assess the biocompatibility and cellular response of PACs with dental pulp cells (DPCs) in a biomimetic model.
Main Methods:
- Centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) for PAC enrichment.
- Biomimetic model of dentin-DPC complex.
- Mechanical testing of dentin matrix.
- Cell proliferation assays.
- Quantitative gene expression analysis (RUNX2, BMP2, OCN, DSPP).
- LC-MS/MS for PAC identification.
Main Results:
- Refined PAC mixtures significantly increased dentin matrix modulus of elasticity (>5-fold).
- DPCs exhibited increased proliferation when exposed to PAC-treated dentin.
- PACs enhanced expression of genes regulating biomineralization and odontogenic differentiation.
- PAC dimers, trimers, and tetramers were released and influenced cell behavior.
Conclusions:
- Oligomeric PACs (dimers, trimers, tetramers) are biocompatible and promote DPC differentiation towards biomineralization.
- PAC-enriched mixtures can improve biomaterial mechanical properties.
- PACs show potential as renewable, non-cytotoxic agents for tissue engineering and regeneration.