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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Comorbidities among Hypertensive Patients in China
Jiaojiao Wang1, Jian James Ma2, Jiaqi Liu1
1The State Key Laboratory of Management and Control for Complex Systems, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Insights
Socioeconomic and geographical factors significantly impact hypertension prevalence and its comorbidities in China. Understanding these disparities is crucial for targeted public health interventions and personalized patient care.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Health Disparities
Background:
- Hypertension is a major global health concern with numerous associated comorbidities.
- Existing research on hypertension prevalence and treatment often overlooks socioeconomic status and geographical variations.
- A gap exists in understanding how these factors influence hypertension and its comorbidities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association between hypertension prevalence, key comorbidities, and socioeconomic/geographical factors in China.
- To investigate comorbidity prevalence in hypertensive patients considering these disparities.
- To address the research gap concerning socioeconomic and geographical influences on hypertension.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a large dataset from 29 Chinese hospitals.
- Employed Bayes' Theorem, Pearson's chi-squared test, univariate and multivariate regression.
- Applied geographical detector methods, including q-statistic, to analyze spatial heterogeneity.
Main Results:
- Demographic, socioeconomic, hospital class, and geographical factors exhibit interactive influences on hypertension comorbidities.
- Spatial stratified heterogeneity in the prevalence of hypertension comorbidities was quantified.
- Significant associations were found between risk factors and disease prevalence.
Conclusions:
- Socioeconomic status and geographical location are critical determinants of hypertension and comorbidity prevalence.
- Findings support the development of tailored public health policies and personalized prevention strategies.
- Effective resource allocation and customized healthcare can be improved by considering these factors.
Abstract:
Hypertension is a severe threat to human being's health due to its association with many comorbidities. Many research works have explored hypertension's prevalence and treatment. However, few considered impact of patient's socioeconomic status and geographical disparities. We intended to fulfill that research gap by analyzing the association of the prevalence of hypertension and three important comorbidities with various socioeconomic and geographical factors. We also investigated the prevalence of those comorbidities if the patient has been diagnosed with hypertension. We obtained a large collection of medical records from 29 hospitals across China. We utilized Bayes' Theorem, Pearson's chi-squared test, univariate and multivariate regression methods and geographical detector methods to analyze the association between disease prevalence and risk factors. We first attempted to quantified and analyzed the spatial stratified heterogeneity of the prevalence of hypertension comorbidities by q-statistic using geographical detector methods. We found that the demographic and socioeconomic factors, and hospital class and geographical factors would have an enhanced interactive influence on the prevalence of hypertension comorbidities. Our findings can be leveraged by public health policy makers to allocate medical resources more effectively. Healthcare practitioners can also be benefited by our analysis to offer customized disease prevention for populations with different socioeconomic status.