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Multiple Sclerosis: Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Diagnoses and Cell-Based Therapy.

Nazem Ghasemi¹, Shahnaz Razavi¹, Elham Nikzad²

¹Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

|April 4, 2017

Summary

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Current treatments do not halt nerve tissue destruction, prompting research into new strategies like stem cell transplantation for MS.

Area of Science:

Neurology
Immunology
Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

Background:

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) disease.
MS pathogenesis involves genetic predisposition and environmental factors, including infections, vitamin deficiencies, and smoking.
Immune system activation leads to nerve demyelination and dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide neurologists with current information on MS etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
To discuss emerging therapeutic strategies beyond conventional treatments.
To synthesize recent findings on the multifactorial causes of MS.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature and available information on Multiple Sclerosis.

Keywords:

Cell Therapy Demyelination Etiology Multiple Sclerosis

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Analysis of etiological factors, including genetic and environmental influences.

Evaluation of existing and proposed therapeutic interventions for MS.

Main Results:

MS etiology is multifactorial, involving genetic susceptibility and environmental triggers.
Conventional therapies (anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory) do not prevent nerve tissue destruction.
Stem cell transplantation is an emerging strategy for MS treatment.

Conclusions:

Neurologists must stay informed about the latest MS research.
Understanding the multifactorial nature of MS is crucial for effective management.
Novel therapeutic approaches are needed to halt MS-related neurodegeneration.