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Potassium Nitraminofurazan Derivatives: Potential Green Primary Explosives with High Energy and Comparable Low
Ying Li1,2, Haifeng Huang2, Yameng Shi2
1School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Lead-based primary explosives were widely applied in military and civilian ammunition, which have subsequently caused serious environmental and health-related problems. Therefore, the development of green alternatives for the lead-based primary explosives has been one of the major focuses in the field of energetic materials. Four potassium salts based on nitraminofurazan have been easily synthesized and show excellent comprehensive performances. Among them, potassium 3-dinitromethyl-4-nitraminofurazan (K2 DNMNAF, 1) showed better thermal stability (Td : 281.4 °C), higher density (2.174 g cm-3 ), and lower friction sensitivities (72 N) than that of potassium 4,5-bis(dinitromethyl)furoxanate (K2 BDNMF, Td : 218.3 °C, density: 2.130 g cm-3 , FS: 5 N, P: 27.3 GPa, vD : 7759 m s-1 ); furthermore, it displayed comparable detonation performances (P: 27.2 GPa, vD : 7758 m s-1 ). The promising properties of these salts make this kind of material a competitive alternative to lead azide as a primary explosive.