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Related Experiment Videos

Kidney disease in Uganda: a community based study.

Robert Kalyesubula1,2,3, Joaniter I Nankabirwa4, Isaac Ssinabulya4,5

  • 1School of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda. rkalyesubula@gmail.com.

BMC Nephrology
|April 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent in central Uganda, affecting over 21% of the population. Female gender, older age, and high socioeconomic status were linked to increased CKD risk, contrary to traditional risk factors.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant health burden in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).
  • Existing research on CKD in SSA predominantly focuses on HIV-infected individuals and urban healthcare settings.
  • This study investigates CKD prevalence and risk factors within community-based populations in central Uganda.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a community setting in central Uganda.
  • To identify predictors associated with CKD in this population.
  • To explore potential differences in CKD risk factors compared to previously documented findings.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Wakiso district utilizing multi-stage sampling.
Keywords:
Chronic kidney diseaseRisk factorsUgandasub-Saharan Africa

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  • Data collection included demographic information, medical history (alcohol, diabetes, hypertension, smoking), and physical measurements (BMI).
  • Renal function was assessed via creatinine levels and urinalysis, with CKD estimated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula and logistic regression employed for analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • A total of 955 participants were enrolled, with a median age of 31 years; 67% were female.
    • The prevalence of abnormal renal function was 21.4%, with CKD stages 1 and 2 being most common.
    • Female gender, age over 30, and high socioeconomic status were associated with increased CKD risk; a BMI > 25 kg/m² showed a protective effect. Notably, HIV, diabetes, smoking, and alcohol intake were not significantly associated with CKD.

    Conclusions:

    • This study reveals a high prevalence of kidney disease in the community of central Uganda.
    • Unexpectedly, traditional CKD risk factors such as HIV, diabetes, smoking, and alcohol consumption were not significantly associated with CKD in this population.
    • Further research is warranted to understand the unique determinants of CKD in this region and to inform targeted public health interventions.