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Association between rhinovirus wheezing illness and the development of childhood asthma: a meta-analysis
Lu Liu1, Yilin Pan1, Yanting Zhu1
1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, PR China.
Insights
Early-life rhinovirus (RV) wheezing illness in the first three years of life is linked to a higher risk of developing wheezing or asthma later on. This meta-analysis confirms a significant association, highlighting the importance of early respiratory health.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Viral Infections
Background:
- The link between early-life rhinovirus (RV) wheezing and later asthma development is debated.
- Understanding this association is crucial for early intervention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a meta-analysis evaluating the association between RV wheezing illness in the first three years of life and subsequent wheezing/asthma.
- To synthesize existing evidence on the long-term impact of early RV infections.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published between 1988 and February 2017.
- Searched multiple databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wanfang.
- Pooled results from 15 original articles, including 10 reporting on longitudinal cohort studies.
Main Results:
- Early-life RV wheezing illness in the first three years of life was associated with an increased risk of later wheezing/asthma (RR=2.00).
- The association remained significant in subgroup analyses for follow-up ages under 10 years (RR=2.02) and 10 years or older (RR=1.92).
Conclusions:
- A significant association exists between RV-induced wheezing in early childhood and the subsequent development of wheezing/asthma.
- Further large-scale, well-designed studies are needed to confirm these findings and address potential confounding factors.
Objective:
The relation between early-life rhinovirus (RV) wheezing illness and later onset of wheezing/asthma remains a subject of debate. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the association between RV wheezing illness in the first 3 years of life and the subsequent development of wheezing/asthma.
Design:
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Methods:
The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang databases were systematically searched for studies published between 1988 and February 2017, and additional studies were found by searching reference lists of relevant articles. 2 reviewers independently extracted data and assessed the quality of each study. Results were pooled using fixed-effect models or random-effects models as appropriate.
Results:
The meta-analysis included 15 original articles which met the criteria, while 10 articles reported the results of 4 longitudinal cohort studies with different follow-up periods. RV wheezing illness in the first 3 years of life was associated with an increased risk of wheezing/asthma in later life (relative risk (RR)=2.00, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.49, p<0.001). In subgroup analysis by age at follow-up, the association still remained significant in <10 years (RR=2.02, 95% CI 1.70 to 2.39, p<0.001) and ≥10 years (RR=1.92, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.72, p<0.001).
Conclusions:
The meta-analysis suggests an association between RV-induced wheezing in the first 3 years of life and the subsequent development of wheezing/asthma. Large-scale and well-designed studies that adequately address concerns for potential confounding factors are required to validate the risk identified in the current meta-analysis.