The influence of Sm-153 therapy on bone marrow function

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Nuclear Medicine
• Hematology

Background:

• Radiotherapy using beta-emitters can cause myelotoxicity.
• Previous studies on white blood cell (WBC) and platelet (PLT) counts post-radionuclide treatment show varied results.
• Understanding the impact of Samarium-153 (Sm-153) on bone marrow function is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the clinical impact of Samarium-153 (Sm-153) on bone marrow function.
• To evaluate myelotoxicity following Sm-153 radiotherapy for bone metastases.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of blood test results from 175 patients treated with Sm-153 (2012-2014).
• Comparison of pre-therapy and post-therapy (2-6 weeks) levels of WBC, PLT, RBC, and HGB.
• Assessment of toxicity using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE).

Main Results:

• Mean WBC decreased by 27.1%, with 1.1% of patients experiencing grade 3 toxicity.
• Mean PLT decreased by 18%, with 1.7% of patients experiencing grade 3 or 4 toxicity.
• Mean RBC and HGB decreased by 5.7% and 5.1%, respectively.

Conclusions:

• Samarium-153 causes a notable but acceptable decrease in WBC and PLT counts.
• Observed hematological changes and toxicity are comparable to or less severe than reported in prior studies.
• Sm-153 demonstrates a manageable impact on bone marrow function in clinical practice.