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Published on: August 28, 2013
Vasectomy and Prostate Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC).
Karl Smith1, Byrne1, Jose Maria Castaño1
1Karl Smith Byrne, Hans Lilja, Aurora Perez-Cornago, Timothy J. Key, and Ruth C. Travis, University of Oxford, Oxford; Kay-Tee Khaw, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis and Elio Riboli, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Jose Maria Castaño, Maria Dolores Chirlaque, and Carmen Navarro, Murcia Regional Health Council; Maria Dolores Chirlaque, IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia; Jose Maria Castaño, Maria Dolores Chirlaque, Eva Ardanaz, Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco, Nerea Larrañaga, Carmen Navarro, and Maria José Sánchez, Center for Biomedical Research Network for Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid; Antonio Agudo, Catalan Institute of Oncology-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain; Eva Ardanaz, Navarra Institute for Health Research, Pamplona; Miguel Rodríguez-Barranco and Maria José Sánchez, Universidad de Granada, Granada; Nerea Larrañaga, Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Regional Government of the Basque Country, Donostia, Spain; Hans Lilja, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY; Lund University, Malmö, Sweden; Heiner Boeing, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbrücke; Rudolf Kaaks, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany; Anja Olsen and Anne Tjønneland, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen; Kim Overvad, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Sabine Rohrmann, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ionnina, Greece, and Mattias Johansson, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France.
This study found no increased risk of prostate cancer, including aggressive forms, or death from prostate cancer in men who had a vasectomy. Vasectomy is a safe male sterilization method regarding prostate cancer incidence and mortality.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Vasectomy is a common male sterilization procedure.
- Previous studies suggested a potential link between vasectomy and increased prostate cancer risk, particularly aggressive forms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prospective association between vasectomy and prostate cancer risk.
- To specifically examine the relationship with high-grade, advanced-stage tumors, and prostate cancer mortality.
Main Methods:
- A large European cohort study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition - EPIC) involving 84,753 men aged 35-79.
- Data collected on vasectomy status at recruitment, followed by prostate cancer incidence and mortality.
- Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations.
Main Results:
- No overall association was found between vasectomy and prostate cancer risk (HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.96 to 1.15).
- No increased risk for high-grade or advanced-stage prostate cancer, or death due to prostate cancer.
- A slight, borderline significant increased risk was observed for low-intermediate grade prostate cancer (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.29).
Conclusions:
- This large prospective European study found no elevated risk of overall, high-grade, or advanced-stage prostate cancer in men who underwent vasectomy.
- Vasectomy was not associated with an increased risk of death from prostate cancer.
- Findings suggest vasectomy is not linked to increased prostate cancer risk or mortality.
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