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Persuasive Interventions for Controversial Cancer Screening Recommendations: Testing a Novel Approach to Help

Barry G Saver1,2,3, Kathleen M Mazor4,2, Roger Luckmann4

  • 1University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts Barry.Saver@swedish.org.

Annals of Family Medicine
|April 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Novel video decision aids effectively changed patient intentions regarding prostate cancer and mammography screening. These persuasive interventions helped viewers accept evidence-based, though controversial, screening recommendations.

Area of Science:

  • Preventive medicine
  • Health communication
  • Behavioral science

Background:

  • US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) guidelines for prostate cancer screening (2012) and mammography (2009) are controversial.
  • Patients may struggle to accept evidence-based recommendations that counter intuition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate novel decision aids designed to improve patient trust and acceptance of USPSTF screening recommendations.
  • To assess the impact of video-based decision aids on patient screening intentions.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover study was conducted with 27 men (50-74 years) and 35 women (40-49 years).
  • Participants viewed both a recorded physician-patient discussion video and a traditional paper-based decision aid.
  • Screening intentions, perceived benefits/harms, and decisional conflict were measured before and after each intervention.
Keywords:
cancer screeningclinical decision makingearly detection of cancermammographypersuasive interventionsprostate cancer

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Main Results:

  • Video interventions significantly shifted screening intentions for both men and women (P < .001).
  • Men's intention to screen decreased by -0.93 and women's by -0.50 on a 3-point scale after video intervention.
  • Following video interventions, the proportion wanting screening decreased from 69% to 33% for men and 86% to 49% for women.

Conclusions:

  • Persuasive video decision aids can significantly alter patient screening intentions.
  • This approach may offer a model for promoting acceptance of evidence-based, counterintuitive screening guidelines.
  • Further testing is warranted to validate this intervention model.