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Estrogen lowers triglyceride via regulating hepatic APOA5 expression.
Fei Luo1, Yuan Guo1, Gui-Yun Ruan1
1Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Middle Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, People's Republic of China.
Lipids in Health and Disease
|April 6, 2017
Summary
Estrogen increases Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) levels, which in turn lowers triglyceride (TG) levels. This study investigates the link between estrogen, APOA5, and TG regulation.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Lipid Metabolism
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Estrogen is known to reduce serum triglyceride (TG) levels.
- Apolipoprotein A5 (APOA5) significantly lowers TG concentrations and is more abundant in women.
- Higher APOA5 levels in women suggest a potential role in estrogen's TG-lowering effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the hypothesis that estrogen up-regulates serum APOA5 concentrations.
- To determine if elevated APOA5 mediates estrogen's effect on decreasing serum TG levels.
Main Methods:
- Ovariectomized hamsters (wild-type and APOA5-deficient) were treated with estrogen to assess changes in APOA5 and TG.
- HepG2 cells were treated with estrogen to explore underlying molecular mechanisms.
Main Results:
- Estrogen administration led to increased APOA5 concentrations and decreased TG levels in wild-type hamsters.
- APOA5-deficient hamsters did not exhibit these changes, indicating APOA5's crucial role.
- Experiments in HepG2 cells provided insights into the cellular mechanisms of estrogen-APOA5 interaction.
Conclusions:
- Estrogen up-regulates APOA5 expression and/or secretion.
- APOA5 mediates the hypolipidemic effect of estrogen, specifically on triglyceride reduction.
- This pathway represents a key mechanism in estrogen's metabolic actions.