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[Development of antimicrobial resistance in Germany : What is the current situation?]
F Maechler1, C Geffers2, F Schwab2
1Institut für Hygiene und Umweltmedizin, Nationales Referenzzentrum für die Surveillance von Nosokomialen Infektionen, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 27, 12203, Berlin, Deutschland. friederike.maechler@charite.de.
Background:
The frequency of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) is increasing in Germany and worldwide.
Objectives:
Presentation of MDRO resistance rates and prevalence in Germany MATERIALS AND METHODS: Results from the Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (ARS) and Hospital Infection Surveillance Systems (Krankenhausinfektions-Surveillance-Systems, KISS) and from recent prevalence surveys are presented.
Results:
MRSA-resistance rates and the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have remained at a stable level over the last few years. In contrast, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and multidrug-resistant gramnegative (MRGN) bacteria have increased considerably. VRE prevalence has more than tripled in the past 5 years, and Escherichia coli resistant to third-generation cephalosporins, acylureidopenicillins, and fluoroquinolones increased by 43% in 2015 compared with the previous year.
Conclusions:
New policies to control MDRO should focus on VRE and the heterogeneous group of MRGN bacteria. In the case of the latter, the different bacterial species' characteristics should be taken into consideration.
Insights
Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) are rising globally. While methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains stable, vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria (MRGN) show significant increases, requiring targeted control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Microbiology
- Public Health Surveillance
Background:
- Increasing global prevalence of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO).
- Growing concern over antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present current MDRO resistance rates and prevalence in Germany.
- To inform public health strategies for combating MDRO.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from the Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (ARS) system.
- Utilizing results from the Hospital Infection Surveillance Systems (KISS).
- Inclusion of data from recent prevalence surveys.
Main Results:
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) rates remain stable.
- Significant increase in vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) prevalence (tripled in 5 years).
- Substantial rise in multidrug-resistant gram-negative (MRGN) bacteria, including a 43% increase in resistant Escherichia coli in 2015.
Conclusions:
- Control strategies must prioritize VRE and MRGN bacteria.
- Tailored approaches considering specific bacterial species within the MRGN group are necessary.