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Related Experiment Videos

Gender-based personalized pharmacotherapy: a systematic review.

Md Mohaimenul Islam1,2, Usman Iqbal2,3, Bruno Andreas Walther3

  • 1Graduate Institution of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics
|April 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Gender differences significantly impact drug metabolism and efficacy. This review highlights the need for gender-specific dosing to improve patient safety and treatment outcomes, especially for women.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Pharmacogenomics
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Standard drug dosages often do not account for physiological differences between males and females.
  • Physicians face challenges in optimizing drug dosing, treatment efficiency, and safety for female patients.
  • Existing research indicates females may require lower drug dosages than males due to various physiological factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of gender-based pharmacotherapy.
  • To inform patients, healthcare providers, and health systems about gender-specific treatment needs.
  • To guide interventions aimed at ensuring safe and effective drug treatments while minimizing adverse effects in women.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review of published articles from January 1990 to December 2015.
Keywords:
Adverse effectDrug interactionGender-basedPharmacokineticsPharmacotherapy

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  • Searches were conducted in major databases: MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library.
  • Study selection followed criteria designed to strengthen the reporting of observational and clinical studies.

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-six studies involving 6309 subjects were included.
    • Females exhibit differences in gastric emptying, gastric pH, lean body mass, plasma volume, body fat, and hepatic clearance compared to males.
    • Variations in Cytochrome P450 enzyme activity, drug metabolism rates, conjugation, protein binding, absorption, and renal elimination contribute to potential adverse effects in females, particularly pregnant, post-menopausal, and elderly women.

    Conclusions:

    • Evidence supports the effectiveness of gender-specific dosage adjustments for safe and efficient pharmacotherapy.
    • Further research is recommended to refine gender-based dosing strategies and reduce therapy-related adverse effects.
    • Implementing gender-specific approaches in drug prescription can enhance treatment outcomes and patient safety.