Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2026

Neonatal Pial Surface Electroporation
06:22

Neonatal Pial Surface Electroporation

Published on: May 7, 2014

A Case of Cap Polyposis with Epidermal Nevus in an Infant

Soon Chul Kim1,2, Myoung Jae Kang3, Yeon Jun Jeong4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.

Journal of Korean Medical Science
|April 6, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Cap polyposis, a rare condition, was diagnosed in an 11-month-old infant presenting with rectal prolapse and hematochezia. This case represents the youngest infant reported with this condition, highlighting its extreme rarity in pediatrics.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Cap polyposis is an uncommon gastrointestinal disorder characterized by the formation of "cap" polyps.
  • It is exceptionally rare in pediatric populations, with limited documented cases in children.

Observation:

  • An 11-month-old male infant presented with rectal prolapse and hematochezia.
  • Physical examination revealed an epidermal nevus in the sacral area.
  • Colonoscopy demonstrated erythematous, multilobulated, circumferential, polypoid lesions with mucoid discharge in the rectum.

Findings:

  • Endoscopic and histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of cap polyposis.
  • This represents the first reported case of cap polyposis in an infant.
  • The patient underwent surgical resection and subsequent follow-up.

Implications:

  • This case expands the known age range for cap polyposis.
  • It underscores the importance of considering rare diagnoses in infants with gastrointestinal bleeding and rectal abnormalities.
  • Further research may elucidate potential associations between epidermal nevi and cap polyposis.

Keywords:
Cap PolyposisEpidermal NevusHematochezia

More Related Videos

Combining Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Optical Coherence Tomography for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Skin Cancers via Image Acquisition09:37

Combining Reflectance Confocal Microscopy with Optical Coherence Tomography for Noninvasive Diagnosis of Skin Cancers via Image Acquisition

Published on: August 18, 2022

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia06:15

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Related Concept Videos

Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells01:19

Clinical Applications of Epidermal Stem Cells

Epidermal stem cells (EpiSCs) are mainly located at the basal layer of the epidermis. These cells repair minor injuries of the skin and replace dead skin cells. However, EpiSCs’ cannot heal severe wounds such as major burns or those from diabetes or hereditary disorders. In such cases, culturing the epidermal stem cells from the patient is possible and has yielded successful treatment options, such as laboratory-grown skin grafts. These grafts are synthesized using a patient’s own EpiSCs...
Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...