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Characterization of phosphoglycerate mutase isoenzymes from free dissected facial processes
G Granström1, H Mångs, L P Nilsson
1Department of Histology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Abstract:
To characterize the three phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) isoenzymes present in rat facial processes (types MM, BB, and MB), their sensitivity to reagents of the sulfhydryl groups and to heat treatment has been studied. Type BB PGM was not affected by the -SH group reagents; type MB PGM was inhibited about 50%, and type MM PGM was fully inhibited. Type MB PGM showed a greater heat lability than type MM PGM. There was a developmental change from type BB PGM from the 9th embryonic day to isoenzymes MB and MM on the 15th embryonic day. Isoenzyme development was first seen in mandibular processes, followed by maxillary, lateral nasal, and medial nasal processes.
Insights
Rat facial processes contain three phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) isoenzymes (MM, BB, MB). Their sensitivity to sulfhydryl reagents and heat varied, with developmental changes observed from embryonic day 9 to 15.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Developmental Biology
- Enzymology
Background:
- Phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) is a key enzyme in glycolysis.
- PGM exists in multiple isoenzyme forms with distinct biochemical properties.
- Understanding PGM isoenzyme characteristics is crucial for studying metabolic regulation during development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the three phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM) isoenzymes (MM, BB, and MB) in rat facial processes.
- To investigate the differential sensitivity of PGM isoenzymes to sulfhydryl reagents and heat.
- To examine the developmental expression patterns of PGM isoenzymes in facial processes.
Main Methods:
- Enzyme assays measuring PGM activity.
- Treatment with sulfhydryl group reagents (-SH reagents).
- Heat denaturation experiments.
- Analysis of PGM isoenzymes at different embryonic days (9th and 15th).
Main Results:
- Type BB PGM showed no inhibition by -SH reagents.
- Type MB PGM exhibited 50% inhibition by -SH reagents, while type MM PGM was fully inhibited.
- Type MB PGM was more heat-labile than type MM PGM.
- A developmental shift from BB PGM to MB and MM PGM was observed between embryonic days 9 and 15.
- Isoenzyme expression appeared first in mandibular processes, followed by maxillary, lateral nasal, and medial nasal processes.
Conclusions:
- PGM isoenzymes in rat facial processes display distinct sensitivities to sulfhydryl reagents and heat.
- These biochemical differences correlate with developmental expression patterns.
- The study elucidates the biochemical and developmental characteristics of PGM isoenzymes during craniofacial development.