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An In vitro Model to Study Immune Responses of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells to Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
09:01

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RSV Hospitalizations in Comparison With Regional RSV Activity and Inpatient Palivizumab Administration, 2010-2013

Alexander F Glick1,2, Stephanie Kjelleren3, Annika M Hofstetter4,5,6

  • 1New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York; alexander.glick@nyumc.org.

Hospital Pediatrics
|April 7, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations often precede regional activity. High-risk infants may need earlier RSV immunoprophylaxis due to varied hospitalization patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric infectious diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public health

Background:

  • Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalization.
  • Understanding the timing of RSV hospitalizations relative to regional activity is crucial for resource allocation and prevention strategies.
  • Palivizumab is a monoclonal antibody used for RSV immunoprophylaxis in high-risk infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the timing of pediatric respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalizations in the United States with regional RSV activity.
  • To analyze the timing of inpatient palivizumab administration in relation to RSV seasons.

Main Methods:

  • Characterized RSV hospitalizations from the Pediatric Health Information System (July 2010-June 2013).
  • Defined RSV hospitalization and activity seasons based on surveillance data.
  • Used logistic regression to identify predictors of hospitalization timing and assessed palivizumab administration timing.

Main Results:

  • Mean RSV hospitalization season onset (early November) preceded regional activity season onset (early December) by 3.3 weeks.
  • Nearly 10% of RSV hospitalizations occurred outside the defined regional activity season.
  • Children with chronic conditions were more likely to be hospitalized after the regional activity season, while African American children were hospitalized earlier.

Conclusions:

  • Significant regional variations exist in RSV hospitalization and activity patterns.
  • A substantial proportion of RSV hospitalizations occur before the peak of regional RSV activity.
  • Findings suggest that high-risk infants may benefit from earlier initiation of RSV immunoprophylaxis.
Abstract

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