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Related Experiment Video

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Self-compatibility is over-represented on islands.

Dena L Grossenbacher1,2,3, Yaniv Brandvain2, Josh R Auld4

  • 1Department of Biology, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA.

The New Phytologist
|April 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Colonizing species on islands often reproduce without a mate. This study found more self-compatible plant species on islands than mainlands, supporting the Baker's law colonization filter hypothesis.

Keywords:
Baker's lawbiogeographyecological filteringislandmainlandself-incompatibility

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ecology
  • Botany

Background:

  • Colonization of new habitats, especially islands, often requires successful reproduction with limited mates.
  • Baker's law proposes that species capable of uniparental reproduction have a colonization advantage, leading to their over-representation in isolated environments.
  • Previous research on this hypothesis has produced inconsistent findings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of plant breeding systems in the colonization of islands.
  • To test Baker's law by examining the prevalence of self-incompatibility in island versus mainland plant species.
  • To determine if breeding system traits explain observed geographical patterns in plant distribution.

Main Methods:

  • Compiled a dataset of plant breeding systems (self-incompatibility presence/absence) for over 1500 species from island and mainland populations.
  • Focused on three widespread flowering plant families: Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, and Solanaceae.
  • Utilized self-incompatibility as a key trait due to its low probability of re-evolving once lost, making it a reliable indicator of colonization history.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher proportion of self-compatible species found on islands (66%) compared to mainlands (41%).
  • This pattern was consistent across the three studied plant families.
  • The presence or absence of self-incompatibility demonstrated strong explanatory power for plant geographical distribution patterns.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support Baker's law, indicating that self-compatibility is a key trait facilitating plant colonization of islands.
  • Island floras worldwide likely reflect the filtering effect of reproductive traits on colonizing species.
  • Breeding system evolution plays a crucial role in shaping plant biogeographical patterns, particularly in isolated ecosystems.