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Phosphorus Taste Involves T1R2 and T1R3.

Michael G Tordoff1

  • 1Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Chemical Senses
|April 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Mice lacking the T1R3 receptor show increased preference for pyrophosphates and phosphates, suggesting T1R3 detects these compounds. The T1R2 receptor also plays a role in detecting these phosphate-containing tastes.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Biology
  • Taste Perception

Background:

  • Rodents exhibit a preference for consuming phosphate and pyrophosphate solutions over water.
  • Previous research indicated that the T1R3 receptor might be involved in detecting pyrophosphates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of T1R2 and T1R3 taste receptors in the detection of phosphate and pyrophosphate compounds.
  • To determine which subunits of the T1R2+T1R3 dimer are involved in the behavioral response to these taste compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing knockout (KO) mouse models, specifically T1R1, T1R2, T1R3, and T1R2+T1R3 double KO mice.
  • Assessing the preference of these mice for various phosphate and pyrophosphate solutions compared to wild-type (WT) controls through licking rate measurements.

Main Results:

  • T1R3 KO mice showed a heightened preference for trisodium pyrophosphate (Na3HP2O7) and other phosphate/pyrophosphate salts, but not non-P salts.
  • T1R2 KO mice and T1R2+T1R3 double KO mice exhibited even greater preference scores for Na3HP2O7 compared to T1R3 KO mice.
  • T1R1 KO mice displayed normal preference scores for Na3HP2O7, indicating T1R1 is not involved.

Conclusions:

  • The T1R3 receptor is a critical component in detecting pyrophosphates and other phosphate-containing taste compounds.
  • Both T1R2 and T1R3 subunits of the T1R2+T1R3 dimer are implicated in the behavioral response to these specific taste stimuli.
Keywords:
gustometermineral tastephosphate tastepreference tests.

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