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Related Concept Videos

Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
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Stereoisomers02:32

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On the basis of mirror symmetry, stereoisomers of an organic molecule can be further classified into diastereomers and enantiomers. Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other. Substituted alkenes, such as the cis and trans isomers of 2-butene, are diastereomers, as these molecules exhibit different spatial orientations of their constituent atoms, are not mirror images of each other, and do not interconvert. Here, the interconversion is suppressed due to...
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Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

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In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
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¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)01:20

¹³C NMR: Distortionless Enhancement by Polarization Transfer (DEPT)

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When proton-coupled carbon-13 spectra are simplified by a broadband proton decoupling technique, structural information about the coupled protons is lost. Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer (DEPT) is a technique that provides information on the number of hydrogens attached to each carbon in a molecule. While the DEPT experiment utilizes complex pulse sequences, the pulse delay and flip angle are specifically manipulated. The resulting signals have different phases depending on...
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Design Example01:23

Design Example

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The innovation of touch-tone telephony revolutionized the telecommunications industry by replacing the traditional rotary dial with a dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) signaling system. This system uses a matrix-style keypad with buttons arranged in four rows and three columns, creating 12 distinct signals each assigned to a pair of frequencies. Each button press results in a simultaneous generation of two sinusoidal tones – one from a low-frequency group (697 to 941 Hz) and one from a...
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Clipper Circuit01:18

Clipper Circuit

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A clipper circuit is a fundamental wave-shaping device that harnesses the unique properties of diodes to alter and control waveform characteristics. This technology is widely used in electronic devices, especially in television and radar communication systems, where it enhances waveform modulation in both transmitters and receivers.
The operation of a clipper circuit can be exemplified by analyzing a dual-clipper configuration setup that integrates two ideal diodes, each paired with a biasing...
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Related Experiment Video

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Stereodivergence in Asymmetric Catalysis.

Simon Krautwald1, Erick M Carreira1

  • 1Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich , 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

This perspective explores catalytic enantioselective transformations for accessing all stereoisomers of complex molecules. It highlights stereodivergent dual catalysis for efficient synthesis and generating chemical diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Asymmetric Catalysis
  • Synthetic Chemistry

Background:

  • Accessing diverse stereoisomers of molecules with multiple chiral centers is challenging.
  • Traditional methods often yield limited stereochemical outcomes.
  • Developing versatile synthetic strategies is crucial for drug discovery and materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of catalytic enantioselective transformations.
  • To discuss the concept of stereodivergent dual catalysis.
  • To explore its applications in target-oriented and diversity-oriented synthesis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advances in catalytic enantioselective reactions.
  • Focus on strategies enabling access to all stereoisomers.

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  • Discussion of stereodivergent dual catalysis principles.

    • Main Results:

    • Catalytic enantioselective transformations offer access to all stereoisomers.
    • Stereodivergent dual catalysis enables efficient control over multiple stereocenters.
    • This approach facilitates stereochemical diversity in synthesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Stereodivergent dual catalysis is a powerful concept for complex molecule synthesis.
    • It holds significant potential for developing new synthetic methodologies.
    • Implications for library design and diversity-oriented synthesis are substantial.