Related Experiment Videos
PM2.5-induced alterations of cell cycle associated gene expression in lung cancer cells and rat lung tissues
Hui Zhao1, Biao Yang2, Jia Xu2
1Department of Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, China.
Abstract:
The aim of the current study was to investigate the expression of cell cycle-associated genes induced by fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in lung cancer cell line and tissues. The pulmonary lymph node metastasis cells (H292) were treated with PM2.5in vitro. Wistar rats were used to perform an in vivo study. Rats were randomly assigned to experiment and control groups and those in the experiment group were exposed to PM2.5 once every 15 d, while those in the control group were exposed to normal saline. The cell cycle-associated genes expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. Trachea and lung tissues of rats were processed for scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examinations. Exposure of H292 cells to PM2.5 dramatically increased the expressions of p53 and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) after 24h of exposure (p<0.01) and markedly increased the expressions of the cell division cycle 2 (Cdc2) and cyclin B after 48h of exposure (p<0.01), while those genes expressions were significantly reduced after 72h of exposure, at which time the expression of p21 was predominant (p<0.01). In vivo studies further demonstrated these results. The results of SEM suggested that both of the trachea and lung tissues were damaged and the degree of damage was time-dependent. In conclusion, PM2.5 can induce significantly alterations of p53 and CDK2 in the early phase, Cdc2 and cyclin B in mid-term and p21 in long-term exposure. The degree of PM2.5-induced damage to the trachea and lung tissue was time-dependent.
Insights
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure alters cell cycle gene expression in lung cells and tissues. PM2.5 also causes time-dependent damage to trachea and lung tissues.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Health
- Molecular Biology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a major air pollutant linked to respiratory diseases.
- Understanding PM2.5's impact on lung cells is crucial for public health.
- Cell cycle regulation plays a key role in cancer development and progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the effects of PM2.5 on cell cycle-associated gene expression in lung cancer cells (H292) and rat tissues.
- To analyze the time-dependent changes in gene expression following PM2.5 exposure.
- To assess the physical damage to trachea and lung tissues induced by PM2.5.
Main Methods:
- In vitro exposure of H292 cells to PM2.5.
- In vivo exposure of Wistar rats to PM2.5.
- Real-time PCR for analyzing cell cycle-associated gene expression (p53, CDK2, Cdc2, cyclin B, p21).
- Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for examining trachea and lung tissue damage.
Main Results:
- PM2.5 exposure increased p53 and CDK2 expression at 24h, and Cdc2 and cyclin B at 48h in H292 cells.
- p21 expression predominated after 72h of PM2.5 exposure.
- In vivo studies corroborated these findings, with SEM revealing time-dependent damage to rat trachea and lung tissues.
Conclusions:
- PM2.5 induces significant, time-dependent alterations in key cell cycle genes (p53, CDK2, Cdc2, cyclin B, p21) in lung cells.
- PM2.5 exposure causes progressive damage to lung and trachea tissues.
- These findings highlight the molecular mechanisms underlying PM2.5-induced lung injury and potential cancer progression.