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Related Experiment Videos

Association Between Deliberate Self-harm and Violent Criminality.

Hanna Sahlin1, Ralf Kuja-Halkola2, Johan Bjureberg1

  • 1Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

JAMA Psychiatry
|April 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Individuals who self-harm face a significantly higher risk of committing violent crimes. This highlights the need for comprehensive risk assessment and intervention strategies for those engaging in self-harm behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Forensic Psychiatry
  • Public Health
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Self-harm is a known risk factor for suicide, but its association with aggression toward others is less understood.
  • Existing evidence on the link between self-harm and violent behavior is limited, impacting clinical guidelines and interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between nonfatal self-harm and subsequent conviction for a violent crime.
  • To provide evidence that can inform risk assessment and treatment for individuals exhibiting self-harm.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based longitudinal cohort study utilizing Swedish national registries.
  • Inclusion of all Swedish citizens born between 1982 and 1998, followed from age 15.
  • Analysis of data from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2013, focusing on clinical care for self-harm and violent crime convictions.

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Main Results:

  • The study included over 1.85 million individuals with a mean follow-up of 8.1 years.
  • Individuals receiving clinical care for self-harm had a crude hazard ratio of 4.9 for violent crime conviction.
  • Even after adjusting for psychiatric comorbidities and socioeconomic status, the adjusted hazard ratio for violent offense remained significantly elevated at 1.8.

Conclusions:

  • Nonfatal self-harm is robustly associated with an increased risk of violent offending in both males and females.
  • Clinical assessment of individuals with a history of self-harm should include evaluation for potential violence risk.
  • These findings underscore the importance of integrated care approaches addressing both self-harm and aggressive behaviors.