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Related Experiment Videos

Determining the 2-Dimensional Threshold for Perception of Artificial-Appearing Lips.

Sang W Kim1, Daniel E Rousso2,3

  • 1Natural Face Clinics, Syracuse, New York.

JAMA Facial Plastic Surgery
|April 7, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Understanding the limits of cosmetic lip enhancement is crucial. This study quantifies the perceptual threshold for artificial-appearing lips, finding unique limits for each lip area.

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Area of Science:

  • Aesthetics
  • Facial Plastic Surgery
  • Perceptual Science

Background:

  • Recognizing the perceptual threshold for artificial-appearing lips is crucial to avoid undesirable cosmetic treatment outcomes.
  • Quantitative measurements are needed to define the limits of acceptable lip augmentation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the quantitative measurements for the perceptual threshold of artificial- and unnatural-appearing lips.
  • To establish objective data for lip augmentation procedures.

Main Methods:

  • Digital alteration of lip photographs in five feature sets (upper lip, lower lip, both lips, Cupid's bow shape).
  • Online survey with 98 participants rating lip appearance for treatment, attractiveness, and naturalness.
  • Determination of the threshold differential (dTA50) at which 50% of observers perceived lips as treated and artificial.

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Main Results:

  • Each lip area possesses a unique quantitative measurement threshold for perceived artificiality.
  • Upper lip enhancement had a narrower margin for artificial appearance (dTA50, 0.9 mm) than combined upper and lower lip enhancement (dTA50, 1.5 mm).
  • Cupid's bow alterations showed the narrowest margin for artificial appearance (dTA50, 0.3 mm).

Conclusions:

  • The perceptual threshold for treated and/or artificial appearance is unique for each specific area of the lips.
  • These findings provide critical data for aesthetic practitioners to guide lip augmentation procedures and patient expectations.