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Related Experiment Videos

Oxygen radical generation by Maillard compounds.

M S Azevedo1, J Raposo, J Falcão

  • 1Instituto de Química Fisiológica, Faculdade de Medicina, Lisboa, Portugal.

The Journal of Diabetic Complications
|January 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Amino sugars like galactosamine cause liver damage. Researchers found that Amadori compounds, formed from sugars and lysine, generate oxygen radicals, potentially contributing to diabetes complications.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Toxicology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Amino sugars, including galactosamine, are known to be hepatotoxic.
  • Hepatitis induced by galactosamine shares similarities with CCl4 poisoning and is inhibited by superoxide (O2*) scavengers.
  • Fructosamine, formed from glucose and lysine, is quantified using nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction, a process involving O2- and inhibited by superoxide dismutase (SOD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if galactosamine and glucosamine reduce NBT and if this reduction is inhibited by SOD.
  • To determine if incubation products of amino acids with glucose/galactose affect NBT reduction.
  • To explore the role of Amadori compounds in oxygen radical generation.

Main Methods:

  • Assessing NBT reduction by galactosamine and glucosamine in the presence and absence of SOD.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Incubating amino acids (glycine, lysine, alanine) with glucose and galactose for 7 days.
  • Testing the effect of incubation products on NBT reduction and the impact of SOD.

    • Main Results:

    • Galactosamine and glucosamine were confirmed to reduce NBT, and this reduction was inhibited by SOD.
    • Incubation of glucose/galactose with lysine, but not other amino acids, led to increased NBT reduction.
    • The NBT reduction by formed Amadori compounds was inhibited by SOD.

    Conclusions:

    • Amadori compounds formed from sugars and lysine generate oxygen radicals.
    • Oxygen radical generation by Amadori compounds should be considered a contributing factor to long-term diabetic damage.