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Related Concept Videos

Blood Flow01:29

Blood Flow

Blood is pumped by the heart into the aorta, the largest artery in the body, and then into increasingly smaller arteries, arterioles, and capillaries. The velocity of blood flow decreases with increased cross-sectional blood vessel area. As blood returns to the heart through venules and veins, its velocity increases. The movement of blood is encouraged by smooth muscle in the vessel walls, the movement of skeletal muscle surrounding the vessels, and one-way valves that prevent backflow.
Applications of Integration to Find Blood Flow01:27

Applications of Integration to Find Blood Flow

Blood flow through a cylindrical blood vessel can be mathematically described using the principles of laminar flow, a regime in which fluid moves smoothly in parallel layers. In this model, the velocity of the blood is not uniform across the cross-section of the vessel; rather, it varies with the radial distance from the center. The maximum velocity occurs along the central axis, decreasing progressively toward the vessel walls, where it reaches zero due to viscous drag.Approximating Blood...

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Optical Coherence Tomography Based Biomechanical Fluid-Structure Interaction Analysis of Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression
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Understanding Angiography-Based Aneurysm Flow Fields through Comparison with Computational Fluid Dynamics.

J R Cebral1, F Mut2, B J Chung2

  • 1From the Bioengineering Department (J.R.C., F.M., B.J.C.), Volgenau School of Engineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia jcebral@gmu.edu.

AJNR. American Journal of Neuroradiology
|April 8, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dynamic angiography can represent main flow structures in intracranial aneurysms, but 3D intrasaccular flow patterns pose challenges. Further projections are needed for comprehensive 3D flow analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Neurosurgery

Background:

  • Hemodynamics significantly influences aneurysm progression and rupture.
  • Accurate flow field representation is crucial for understanding intracranial aneurysms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess if dynamic angiography (DSA) can realistically depict intracranial aneurysm flow fields.
  • To compare DSA-based flow reconstructions with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models.

Main Methods:

  • DSA-based flow reconstructions were compared to patient-specific CFD models in 15 cerebral aneurysms.
  • Qualitative comparison and quantitative vector field similarity analysis were performed.

Main Results:

  • Average similarity between DSA and projected CFD flow fields was 78% in parent arteries but only 30% in aneurysm regions.
  • Both methods captured inflow jets, vortex structures, and flow splits in approximately 60% of cases.

Conclusions:

  • 3D intrasaccular flow, inflow jets, vortex alignment, vessel overlap, and frame rate affect DSA flow reconstruction accuracy.
  • Multiple DSA projections are necessary for understanding 3D intrasaccular flow.
  • DSA provides a good representation of mean axial flow and flow rate despite limitations with swirling/secondary flows.