A Rapid Identification Method for Calamine Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Based on Multi-Reference Correlation...

Area of Science:

• Pharmacognosy
• Analytical Chemistry
• Spectroscopy

Background:

• Calamine, a traditional Chinese medicine, faces market issues with numerous fake and inferior products.
• Conventional identification methods for calamine are complex and time-consuming.
• A rapid and accurate identification technique is crucial due to the prevalence of counterfeit calamine.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a qualitative model for the rapid identification of calamine samples using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy.
• To distinguish between crude, counterfeit, and processed calamine products.
• To enhance the accuracy of calamine identification through advanced analytical methods.

Main Methods:

• Collection and identification of a large number of calamine samples (crude, counterfeit, processed) using physicochemical and powder X-ray diffraction.
• Analysis of samples using NIR spectroscopy combined with the multi-reference correlation coefficient (MRCC) method.
• Development of an error back propagation artificial neural network algorithm (BP-ANN) model for qualitative identification.

Main Results:

• The NIR spectroscopy model combined with MRCC achieved an accuracy rate of 85% for calamine identification.
• A refined BP-ANN model, incorporating MRCC results as input, increased the identification accuracy to 95%.
• The developed models effectively differentiate crude calamine from its counterfeits and processed forms.

Conclusions:

• Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, coupled with MRCC and BP-ANN, provides a rapid and accurate method for calamine identification.
• The MRCC method serves as an effective NIR-based approach for BP-ANN modeling in calamine authentication.
• This advanced spectroscopic technique offers a viable solution to the problem of counterfeit traditional Chinese medicine products.