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Tuberculosis in Infants and Children

Gabriella S Lamb1, Jeffrey R Starke1

  • 1Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030.

Microbiology Spectrum
|April 8, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Childhood tuberculosis (TB) affects one million children annually, causing 210,000 deaths. This review emphasizes TB

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tuberculosis remains a significant global health threat, particularly impacting pediatric populations.
  • Childhood tuberculosis presents distinct epidemiological, clinical, and radiographic characteristics compared to adult TB.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the unique aspects of childhood tuberculosis.
  • To emphasize the disease in vulnerable pediatric age groups, including neonates and adolescents.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a review of existing literature on childhood tuberculosis.
  • It synthesizes information on epidemiology, clinical presentation, radiographic findings, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Childhood tuberculosis exhibits unique features differing from adult TB.
  • Very young children and adolescents are identified as high-risk groups for developing active disease post-infection.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the specific nuances of childhood TB is crucial for effective management.
  • Targeted strategies are needed for high-risk pediatric populations to reduce morbidity and mortality.

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