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Thermionic Energy Conversion Based on Graphene van der Waals Heterostructures.

Shi-Jun Liang¹, Bo Liu², Wei Hu³

¹SUTD-MIT International Design Center (IDC), Singapore University of Technology and Design (SUTD), 8 Somapah road, 487372, Singapore.

Scientific Reports

|April 8, 2017

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Researchers designed a novel solid-state thermionic device using van der Waals heterostructures and graphene electrodes. This device efficiently converts low-grade waste heat into electricity, offering a promising solution for energy harvesting.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Solid-State Physics
Energy Conversion

Background:

Thermoelectric (TE) materials aim to convert waste heat into electricity, but achieving a high figure of merit (ZT) remains challenging.
Low-grade waste heat (400–500 K) represents a significant untapped energy resource.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and design a solid-state thermionic device for efficient energy conversion.
To explore the use of van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures with graphene electrodes for waste heat harvesting.

Main Methods:

Theoretical design and computational analysis of a thermionic device.
Utilizing multilayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) within a vdW heterostructure.
Investigating material properties of MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2.

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Main Results:

Identified WSe2 and MoSe2 as ideal TMDs for waste heat harvesting at 400 K.
Calculated energy conversion efficiencies of approximately 7% to 8% for the proposed device.
Demonstrated the novelty of combining graphene electrodes with TMDs for thermionic applications.

Conclusions:

The proposed vdW heterostructure-based thermionic device shows potential for efficient waste heat energy conversion.
This design represents a first-of-its-kind integration of graphene electrodes and TMDs for thermionic power generation.
Further research could optimize these devices for practical applications in energy harvesting.