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Related Experiment Videos

Endocarditis caused by anaerobic bacteria.

M Kestler1, P Muñoz2, M Marín1

  • 1Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, CIBERES, Spain.

Anaerobe
|April 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by anaerobic bacteria is rare, often affecting prosthetic valves and requiring surgery. However, anaerobic IE (AIE) patients showed similar comorbidities but lower in-hospital mortality compared to other IE cases.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Infective endocarditis (IE) caused by anaerobic bacteria is uncommon and poorly understood.
  • Existing data primarily comes from isolated case reports.
  • This study investigates the characteristics and outcomes of anaerobic IE (AIE) in Spain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the epidemiology and clinical features of anaerobic IE (AIE).
  • To compare outcomes of AIE with IE caused by other microorganisms.
  • To understand the role of anaerobic bacteria in IE.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study was conducted from 2008 to 2016 across 26 Spanish centers.
  • Included 2491 consecutive cases of definite IE (Duke criteria).
  • Data on patient demographics, clinical presentation, pathogens, treatment, and outcomes were collected.
Keywords:
AnaerobesInfective endocarditisPropionibacterium acnes

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Main Results:

  • Anaerobic bacteria accounted for 22 cases (0.9%) of definite IE.
  • Propionibacterium acnes was the most common pathogen (63.6%), often linked to odontogenic sources.
  • Patients with AIE were more likely to have community-acquired IE and undergo cardiac surgery, with lower in-hospital mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Anaerobic IE is an infrequent condition predominantly affecting prosthetic valves and often necessitating surgical intervention.
  • Despite requiring surgery, AIE patients exhibited comparable comorbidity profiles but reduced in-hospital mortality versus non-anaerobic IE.
  • No significant differences in outcomes were observed between AIE and IE caused by other pathogens when adjusted for clinical factors.