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Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO): An Intervention Sequence
10:52

Closure of a Patent Foramen Ovale (PFO): An Intervention Sequence

Published on: December 23, 2022

Indomethacin for closure of patent ductus arteriosous in preterm neonates

P Arun Kumar Nair1, Sheila Karan1

  • 1Department of Neonatology, Institute of Child Health, Niloufer Hospital, Hyderabad.

Indian Journal of Pediatrics
|April 10, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Oral indomethacin effectively closes patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants. This treatment significantly improves survival rates compared to fluid restriction and decongestive therapy.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a common condition in premature infants.
  • Effective treatment for PDA is crucial to improve infant outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral indomethacin for PDA closure in low birth weight premature infants.
  • To compare oral indomethacin treatment with conventional management.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 15 low birth weight premature infants diagnosed with PDA who received oral indomethacin (0.2 mg/kg, 3 doses at 12-hour intervals).
  • A control group of 18 premature infants managed with fluid restriction (80-100 ml/kg/day) and decongestive therapy.
  • Comparison of PDA closure rates and survival between the two groups.

Main Results:

  • Nine out of 15 infants (60%) treated with indomethacin showed PDA closure, compared to only 2 out of 18 (11.1%) in the control group (P<0.01).
  • Survival rates were significantly higher in the indomethacin group (11/15, 73.3%) versus the control group (6/18, 33.3%) (P<0.01).
  • Overall mortality attributed to PDA alone was 58.9%.

Conclusions:

  • Oral indomethacin is a safe and effective treatment for closing PDA in premature infants when administered early.
  • This treatment modality is feasible within the Indian healthcare system.
  • Early intervention with oral indomethacin can significantly reduce mortality in premature infants with PDA.

Keywords:
Indomethacinpatent ductus arteriosuspreterm

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