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Probiotic supplementation in neonates with major gastrointestinal surgical conditions: a systematic review

Shripada Rao1,2,3, Karen Simmer1,2,3, Sanjay Patole1,3

  • 1a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Princess Margaret Hospital for Children , Subiaco , Australia.

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians
|April 11, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Limited research on probiotics for neonates with gastrointestinal surgical conditions shows mixed results on gut bacteria. More robust randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm their benefits in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal surgery
  • Gastrointestinal disorders
  • Microbiome research

Background:

  • Neonates with major gastrointestinal surgical conditions are prone to feed intolerance, infections, and gut dysbiosis due to antibiotic use.
  • Probiotic supplementation may help mitigate dysbiosis and improve clinical outcomes in these infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the existing evidence on the use of probiotics in neonates with major gastrointestinal surgical conditions.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic search of major databases including Medline, Embase, and CENTRAL was conducted in September 2016.
  • Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on probiotic supplementation in neonates with surgical gastrointestinal conditions.

Main Results:

  • Two RCTs involving 32 neonates were analyzed.
  • One study in gastroschisis neonates showed trends toward beneficial bacterial shifts with probiotics, while the other found significant differences in specific bacterial families between probiotic and no-probiotic groups.

Conclusions:

  • Current evidence on probiotics for neonates with gastrointestinal surgical conditions is limited.
  • Larger, adequately powered RCTs are necessary to establish the efficacy and safety of probiotics in this population.
Abstract

Keywords:
Probioticdysbiosisgutnewborn infantsurgery

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