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Early childhood risk factors for rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescence: a prospective birth cohort study

Elisabeth Soegaard Christiansen1,2, Henrik Fomsgaard Kjaer1, Esben Eller1

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.

Clinical and Translational Allergy
|April 11, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Early life factors like family history of allergies and male gender increase the risk of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in adolescents. Environmental tobacco exposure may reduce this risk for both allergic and non-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Allergy and Immunology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Rhinoconjunctivitis is a prevalent chronic condition in children globally.
  • Both genetic and environmental factors influence its development.
  • Limited research exists on risk factors for non-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify early-life risk factors for rhinoconjunctivitis (allergic and non-allergic) in adolescence.
  • To differentiate risk factors between allergic and non-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal cohort study of children from birth to 14 years.
  • Data collected via questionnaires, clinical exams, skin prick tests, and specific IgE.
  • Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed.

Main Results:

  • Prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis was 32.8% at age 14.
  • Family history of atopy, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, early allergen sensitization, and male gender were associated with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
  • Early environmental tobacco exposure showed an inverse association with both allergic and non-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.

Conclusions:

  • Allergic and non-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis appear to be distinct phenotypes.
  • Risk factor profiles differ significantly between allergic and non-allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
  • Early life exposures play a crucial role in the development of adolescent rhinoconjunctivitis.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdolescenceBirth cohortLogistic regressionPredictorsRhinoconjunctivitisRisk factor

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