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Related Experiment Videos

A Three-Dimensional Computational Human Head Model That Captures Live Human Brain Dynamics.

Shailesh Ganpule1, Nitin P Daphalapurkar1, Kaliat T Ramesh1

  • 11 Hopkins Extreme Materials Institute, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland.

Journal of Neurotrauma
|April 11, 2017
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Diffuse axonal injury (DAI), a consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), results from head rotations. Our computational models reveal injury occurs over ~100ms, particularly in white matter and gray matter toroids.

Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Modeling

Background:

  • Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a severe outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  • Axonal stretching due to head trauma causes DAI.
  • Understanding the mechanics of brain deformation is crucial for TBI research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a subject-specific computational model of the human brain.
  • To investigate the dynamic deformations in brain substructures under rotational acceleration.
  • To elucidate the time scales and regions susceptible to injury during head rotations.

Main Methods:

  • Created an anatomically accurate, 3D computational model of the human brain using MRI data.
  • Incorporated white matter fiber anatomy and morphology.
Keywords:
DAIcomputational head modelhuman brain deformation

Related Experiment Videos

  • Validated the model using tagged MRI data measuring shearing motions in live human brains.

    • Main Results:

    • The study determined the brain's rotational dynamics occur on a timescale of approximately 100 milliseconds.
    • Simulations identified specific brain regions, including white matter, cortical gray matter, and limbic system, as highly susceptible to injury from axial head rotations.
    • The model accurately predicted the heterogeneous dynamic mechanical response of the brain.

    Conclusions:

    • Rotational accelerations causing DAI likely occur over the identified 100ms timescale.
    • Specific toroidal regions of the brain exhibit higher susceptibility to injury during axial rotations.
    • Subject-specific computational models are valuable tools for understanding TBI biomechanics.