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[Tissue engineering of urinary bladder using acellular matrix].

P V Glybochko1, Yu V Olefir2, Yu G Alyaev1

  • 1Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Research Institute for Uronephrology and Human Reproductive Health, Moscow, Russia.

Urologiia (Moscow, Russia : 1999)
|April 11, 2017
PubMed
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Tissue engineering shows promise for bladder repair. While acellular matrices partially restore the urothelium, muscle layer growth is lacking, favoring cellular structures in clinical practice.

Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Urology

Background:

  • Tissue engineering offers a promising strategy for repairing damaged urinary system organs, particularly the bladder.
  • It integrates cellular technology with biocompatible materials for tissue and organ replacement or repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review current trends and advances in bladder tissue engineering using acellular matrices.
  • The review encompasses preclinical and clinical studies to reflect the state-of-the-art.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across major databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase).
  • Reference lists of review articles and clinical trial registries (clinicaltrials.gov) were also searched.
  • 77 eligible studies were selected, with a focus on cell-free matrix approaches for detailed analysis.
Keywords:
acellular matrixbladder reconstruction agenciestissue engineering

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Main Results:

  • Studies utilizing acellular grafts for cystoplasty demonstrated partial restoration of the urothelium layer.
  • However, significant muscle layer regeneration was not observed in these studies.
  • The lack of muscle layer growth is a key limitation of acellular matrix approaches.

Conclusions:

  • Acellular matrices show potential for urothelial regeneration in bladder tissue engineering.
  • The absence of muscle layer regeneration remains a significant challenge for acellular strategies.
  • Cellular structures are currently favored in clinical practice due to their more comprehensive regenerative capabilities.