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Characterizing rare fluctuations in soft particulate flows.

S H E Rahbari¹, A A Saberi^2,3,4, Hyunggyu Park⁵

¹School of Physics, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Seoul, 130-722, South Korea. habib.rahbari@gmail.com.

Nature Communications

|April 12, 2017

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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers identified the origins of rare fluctuations in soft particulate flows. They developed a new effective temperature applicable across various densities, unlike prior models limited to specific jamming points.

Area of Science:

Physics of soft matter
Complex systems dynamics

Background:

Soft particulate media, including granular materials, exhibit complex flow behaviors.
These systems are characterized by a critical rigidity or jamming transition in dense regimes.
Intermittent fluctuations significantly impact the flow properties of these materials.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the underlying mechanisms driving rare fluctuations in soft particulate flows.
To develop a generalized understanding of fluctuation behavior across different densities.
To introduce a novel concept of effective temperature for these systems.

Main Methods:

Analysis of the statistics of rare fluctuations in soft particulate flows.
Numerical verification of a proposed time-independent local fluctuation relation.

Related Experiment Videos

Comparison of the derived effective temperature with conventional kinetic temperature using scaling collapse.

Main Results:

Rare fluctuations originate differently above and below the critical jamming density.
Fluctuation intensity is suppressed near the jamming transition.
A time-independent local fluctuation relation was identified, yielding an effective temperature valid across packing fractions.

Conclusions:

The study reveals distinct mechanisms for rare fluctuations in soft particulate flows.
A novel effective temperature is proposed, offering a unified description near and far from the jamming point.
This work provides insights into the fundamental dynamics of dense soft matter systems.