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Photon-induced Auger effect in biological systems: a review
1a Quantum Beam Science Research Directorate , National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology , Naka , Ibaraki , Japan.
International Journal of Radiation Biology
|April 12, 2017
Summary
The Auger effect, following inner-shell ionization, significantly enhances biological damage, particularly to DNA. This localized atomic effect offers a new perspective on radiation biology distinct from outer-shell ionization impacts.
Area of Science:
- Atomic Physics
- Radiation Biology
- Biophysics
Background:
- Inner-shell ionization and subsequent Auger effect are distinct from outer-shell ionization.
- The Auger effect involves the emission of electrons after an atom is ionized in an inner shell.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and interpret findings on biological effects of inner-shell ionization, focusing on the Auger effect.
- To provide a mechanistic viewpoint on how Auger processes impact biological systems.
Main Methods:
- Review of over 70 published papers on Auger effects in biological systems.
- Analysis of studies involving DNA-related elements (C, N, O, P) and mammalian cells.
- Inclusion of studies using externally administered elements (Br, I, Pt) and synchrotron X-rays.
Main Results:
- The Auger effect significantly amplifies biological effects compared to irradiation below K-ionization energy.
- A specific DNA degradation pathway was identified, involving fragmentation of the deoxypentose component.
- A contrast was established between inner-shell Auger effects and outer-shell ionization effects.
Conclusions:
- Localized atomic effects from inner-shell ionization and Auger processes have a significant impact on radiation biology.
- These findings challenge current radiation effect studies primarily based on non-selective outer-shell ionizations.
- The Auger effect provides a more targeted mechanism for biological damage.