Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and suicide: A systematic review

Area of Science:

• Psychiatry
• Neuroscience
• Public Health

Background:

• Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder.
• Suicidality remains a significant public health concern globally.
• Previous reviews have explored the link between ADHD and suicidality, necessitating updated systematic reviews.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review the existing literature on the association between ADHD and suicidality.
• To extend previous systematic reviews on this topic.
• To provide an updated synthesis of current research findings.

Main Methods:

• A systematic literature search was conducted across five major databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Psychinfo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
• Search terms included keywords related to suicide (suicide, suicidal, suicide behavior, suicide attempt, suicidal thought) and ADHD.
• The search yielded 26 relevant articles for analysis.

Main Results:

• A consistent positive association was observed between ADHD and suicidality.
• This association was evident in both males and females across all age groups studied.
• Comorbid psychiatric disorders were identified as significant mediators in the relationship between ADHD and suicidality.

Conclusions:

• The findings underscore the importance of considering ADHD in the assessment of individuals at risk for suicidality.
• Identifying and managing comorbid conditions in individuals with ADHD is critical for mitigating suicide risk.
• Early recognition and intervention for ADHD and associated comorbidities are vital components of suicide prevention strategies.