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Related Experiment Videos

Estrogens regulate life and death in mitochondria.

Carolyn M Klinge1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics; Center for Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA. carolyn.klinge@louisville.edu.

Journal of Bioenergetics and Biomembranes
|April 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Estrogens regulate cellular metabolism and mitochondrial function through various estrogen receptors (ER). This review details how estrogens impact mitochondrial biogenesis, morphology, and gene expression via genomic and non-genomic pathways.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Mitochondrial Biology
  • Cellular Metabolism

Background:

  • Estrogens play a crucial role in coordinating cellular metabolism and mitochondrial activities.
  • Estrogen receptors (ER) are expressed differentially and localized within cells, mediating estrogen's effects.
  • Estrogens influence key mitochondrial processes like bioenergetics, dynamics, calcium homeostasis, and antioxidant defense.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms by which estrogens and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) affect mitochondrial biogenesis, morphology, and function.
  • To elucidate the role of estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ, mERα, mERβ, GPER) in mediating these effects.
  • To examine the regulation of nuclear gene transcription, including Nuclear Respiratory Factor-1 (NRF-1), by estrogens.

Main Methods:

Keywords:
EstrogenEstrogen receptorGPERMitochondriaNRF-1TFAM

Related Experiment Videos

  • Review of existing literature on estrogen signaling and mitochondrial function.
  • Analysis of genomic and non-genomic mechanisms of estrogen action.
  • Examination of the role of estrogen receptors (ER) and SERMs in regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and gene expression.

Main Results:

  • Estrogens regulate mitochondrial function through direct and indirect mechanisms involving various ERs.
  • Estrogens influence mitochondrial biogenesis, morphology, bioenergetics, calcium homeostasis, and antioxidant defense.
  • Estrogens modulate nuclear gene transcription, including NRF-1, which controls mitochondrial transcription factor TFAM and mtDNA-encoded genes.

Conclusions:

  • Estrogens significantly impact mitochondrial function through diverse cellular and molecular pathways.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for comprehending estrogen's role in cellular metabolism and health.
  • Estrogen signaling pathways, including those involving ERs and SERMs, offer potential therapeutic targets for metabolic and mitochondrial disorders.