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Related Experiment Videos

Rust fungi on Panicum.

Jill E Demers1, Miao Liu2, Sarah Hambleton2

  • 1a Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville , MD 20705-2350.

Mycologia
|April 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
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This study reclassifies rust fungi on switchgrass, identifying five distinct species within the Puccinia genus. Previously misidentified species like Puccinia emaculata were found to infect other grasses, clarifying switchgrass rust pathogens.

Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Mycology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Rust diseases pose significant economic threats to switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) and other Paniceae grasses.
  • Accurate identification of fungal pathogens is crucial for effective disease management and understanding host-pathogen interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To resolve the taxonomic status of rust fungi infecting switchgrass.
  • To differentiate between morphologically similar species within the Puccinia genus affecting Paniceae grasses.
  • To clarify the host range of key switchgrass rust pathogens.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analyses using nuclear ribosomal DNA (nuc rDNA) regions: 5.8S internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2), partial 28S, and intergenic spacer (IGS).
  • Analysis of chloroplast rbcLa gene sequences to confirm host associations.
Keywords:
Puccinialesherbarium specimensmolecular phylogenyswitchgrasswarm-season grasses

Related Experiment Videos

  • Morphological comparisons of rust fungal specimens.

    • Main Results:

    • Phylogenetic analyses revealed that switchgrass rust fungi are closely related within the Puccinia genus.
    • Five distinct species were identified on switchgrass: Puccinia graminicola, P. pammelii, and three newly proposed species (P. amari, P. novopanici, P. pascua).
    • Puccinia emaculata, previously thought to be a major switchgrass pathogen, was exclusively found on witchgrass (Panicum capillare).
    • Morphologically similar rusts previously identified as P. emaculata on switchgrass were reclassified as P. amari, P. novopanici, and P. pammelii.
    • The species P. graminicola was resolved into three distinct species: P. graminicola and P. pascua on switchgrass, and P. cumminsii on Panicum sp.

    Conclusions:

    • The study clarifies the species diversity of rust fungi infecting switchgrass, revealing a complex taxonomic situation.
    • Accurate species identification necessitates molecular phylogenetic approaches beyond traditional morphological assessments.
    • This research provides a foundation for improved disease management strategies and future ecological studies of Paniceae grass rusts.